Discrete Semiconductors

Essential in Modern Electronics

What are the common types of discrete semiconductors?

Discrete semiconductors play a crucial role in electronic applications, providing the essential building blocks for various electrical circuits. These components are most often considered individual and
separate from integrated circuits, offering distinct advantages and functionality. Let us explore the common types of discrete semiconductors used by electronic engineers.  Markets where we regularly work with our customers are aerospace, industrial, military, instrumentation and harsh environments requiring high-temperature, radiation tolerant to varying degrees and high reliability.  Trendsetter offers a strong line up of Discrete Semiconductor solutions from Zener Diodes to Power management IC’s for instrumentation, industrial, harsh environment, military and space. 

Diodes: 

Diodes are the simplest Discrete semiconductor and that allow current to flow in only one direction. They have two terminals, namely the anode (positive) and the cathode (negative). Popular types of diodes include the standard rectifier diode, Schottky diode, and Zener diode.

Transistors:

Transistors are three-terminal devices widely used in amplification and switching applications. They come in various types, such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and field-effect transistors (FETs). BJTs are further classified into NPN and PNP types, while FETs can be categorized as MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) and JFETs (Junction Field-Effect Transistors). The concept of the FET (field-effect transistor) was first patented in 1925, but not produced until 1945 (The Chip History Center). The mosfet followed shortly. The junction version known as the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), was invented by Shockley in 1948 at Bell Laboratories.

Thyristors:

Thyristors are high-power semiconductor devices used for switching applications. They can handle large currents and voltages, making them suitable for applications like motor control and power regulation. Common types of thyristors include silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs),and triacs.

Optoelectronics:

Optoelectronic devices are semiconductors that can emit or detect light. They are commonly used in applications such as displays, sensors, and communication systems. Some examples of optoelectronic devices include light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodiodes, and laser diodes.

Voltage Regulators:

Voltage regulators are used to maintain a constant output voltage in electronic circuits. They ensure that the voltage remains within a specified range, regardless of any fluctuations in the input voltage or load conditions. Popular types of voltage regulators include linear regulators and switching regulators.

Rectifiers:

Rectifiers are used to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) by allowing current flow in only one direction. They are commonly used in power supplies and electrical systems. Common types of rectifiers include half-wave rectifiers, full-wave rectifiers, and bridge rectifiers.

Amplifiers:

Amplifiers are used to increase the amplitude of an electrical signal, making them crucial in audio systems, radio transmitters, and other communication devices. There are various types of amplifiers, such as operational amplifiers (op-amps), differential amplifiers, and power amplifiers.

Switches:

Switches are used to control the flow of current in an electrical circuit. They can be simple mechanical switches or semiconductor switches like transistors. Switches are widely used in electronic systems and devices to turn on/off or Amplifiers. Furthermore, switches are pivotal in enhancing signal strength and controlling current flow, respectively. Their versatility and efficiency have made them fundamental in an array of applications, from audio systems to advanced communication devices. These components make it possible to achieve high levels of performance and reliability.

Discrete semiconductors are the cornerstone of modern electronic design, driving innovations across a multitude of industries. Their distinct characteristics and specialized functions enable engineers to craft highly efficient and reliable circuits. From aerospace to industrial applications, these components are indispensable in addressing complex and demanding operational environments.

Zener diodes, transistors, and thyristors stand as exemplary figures within the realm of discrete semiconductors. These devices excel in unique roles, whether it’s enabling current flow, amplifying signals, or managing power regulation. Engineers rely on their predictable and dependable performance to design cutting-edge solutions that push technological boundaries.

Optoelectronic devices, including LEDs and photodiodes, revolutionize how we interact with technology by seamlessly integrating light emission and detection into electronic systems. Voltage regulators, on the other hand, stabilize power supply, ensuring that devices operate consistently despite varying input conditions. Rectifiers convert AC to DC, becoming crucial components in power management.

In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, discrete semiconductors remain as vital as ever. They empower innovation, drive efficiency, and ensure the robustness of electronic systems, making them truly essential in modern electronics.  Some very old classic technology is continuing to be relevant to the future of technology.